Vulcan vs AX-1
Two weeding machines, one verified table. Every figure below is sourced and dated; vendor claims are labelled and kept apart from independent results.
US (Salinas, CA) tractor-drawn precision weeder using onboard cameras and computer vision to mechanically remove weeds in-row without herbicide. Original venture-backed maker FarmWise wound down independent operations on 1 April 2025 after raising $65M but failing to reach profitability; three days later, produce processor Taylor Farms (itself a prior FarmWise investor and long-time customer) acquired the FarmWise business outright to keep the Vulcan line running. As of mid-2026 Vulcan is still actively sold and field-supported — not discontinued — through an exclusive dealer partnership with RDO Equipment Co. across the Southwest US.
Best for: Large-scale US vegetable growers (multi-thousand-acre operations, the kind Taylor Farms and Barkley Farms run in Salinas/Yuma) who want to cut hand-weeding crew costs on lettuce, brassica, or tomato beds and can absorb a six-figure implement purchase plus annual service contract.Norwegian ultra-precision weeding robot for open-field vegetables — an AI vision system detects individual weeds and a patented Single-Drop nozzle (SDT) fires one micro-droplet of herbicide directly onto each weed at 6x6mm resolution, cutting herbicide input by a manufacturer-claimed average of 96.6%. Independently tested by Wageningen University & Research at over 99% spray-drift reduction (Dutch DRT99, the system's highest class), and commercially deployed since 2021 across Norway, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands and Australia, with a 2025 Kubota partnership now expanding EU dealer-network sales.
Best for: Open-field vegetable and root-crop growers (carrots, onions, beets, celery/celeriac, spinach, salads, parsley and similar) in Norway and neighbouring EU markets who still spray herbicide and want to sharply cut volume and drift without switching to purely mechanical or laser weeding.| Vulcan Verified 2026-07-19 | AX-1 Verified 2026-07-18 | |
|---|---|---|
| Overview | ||
| Task | Weeding | Weeding |
| Autonomy | AI-assisted | Fully autonomous |
| Country of origin | United States | Norway |
| Availability | Available now | Available now |
| EU market | Pending | Pending |
| Lead time | Not disclosed | Not disclosed |
| Last verified | 2026-07-19 | 2026-07-18 |
| Specifications | ||
| Power source | Tractor-drawn, PTO-driven implement (not self-propelled) | Electric drive with a small onboard petrol generator (per GOFAR robotics database; not itemized on the manufacturer's own site) |
| Required tractor power | Not disclosed as an HP figure; compatible with standard Category II 3-point-hitch tractors, including John Deere 5-Series (V440 model) and 6-Series tractors | Not required (self-propelled autonomous unit) |
| Dimensions | Single-bed working width 76-84 in (1.93-2.13 m); three-bed (V380/T380) working width reported as roughly 20-21 ft (6-6.4 m); four-bed V440 in 40 in bed spacing | Approx. 220 x 215 x 150 cm (third-party listing; not published by Kilter) |
| Weight | Not disclosed precisely by FarmWise; independent coverage puts the single-bed unit at roughly 3,000 lb (1,360 kg) and the three-bed unit at roughly 7,000 lb (3,175 kg) | 280 kg dry / 365 kg wet (GOFAR database; distributed to minimise soil compaction) |
| Min farm size | Not disclosed; documented deployments are on large multi-thousand-acre vegetable operations (e.g. a 10,000-acre Yuma, AZ/Salinas, CA grower), not smallholdings | Not disclosed |
| Productivity | 25+ acres/day, 3-4+ acres/hour per manufacturer spec sheet; a two-unit Taylor Farms fleet reported covering up to 100 acres in a single week | Not disclosed — third-party estimates conflict (0.33-1 ha/hr) and Kilter does not publish a figure |
| Max speed | 1.5-4 mph | Up to 2 km/h (third-party listing; not published by Kilter) |
| Sensors | Multiple high-resolution, camera-equipped row units (18 cameras reported on the three-bed unit) plus custom LED lighting for all-lighting and night operation; onboard computer vision and deep-learning models for weed/crop differentiation | AI vision with a deep-learning neural network for real-time weed/crop detection at 6x6mm targeting resolution; RTK-GNSS (dual-antenna) and IMU for autonomous navigation (third-party listing) |
| Price & model | ||
| Price (EUR) | ≈€555,000 (+ ≈€39,000/yr service) — indicative conversion only; Vulcan is not sold or priced in the EU | ≈€130,000 |
| Native price | US$645,000 MSRP for the flagship three-bed 80 in Vulcan V380, plus a reported ≈US$45,000/yr service & support package — trade-press reported figures (Farm Progress, The Packer), not published on the FarmWise site; single-bed and 68 in/40 in models are priced lower but not disclosed | ≈€130,000 (third-party: Future Farming robot database — Kilter quotes individually) |
| Business model | Direct purchase (not RaaS), sold and field-supported exclusively through RDO Equipment Co. dealers across the Southwestern US since a September 2024 exclusive partnership; John Deere Financing and AgDirect financing offered; FarmWise also runs a "try before you buy" trial program (a free 1-week trial, or paid extended 100/250/500-acre trials with credits toward purchase) | Buy — direct from Kilter AS (Langhus, Norway) via a consultative sales process (farm details submitted for a quote; no public price list), or through regional distributors such as Croplands (Australia). A Kubota partnership (announced at Agritechnica 2025) is expanding dealer-network sales in Germany and the Netherlands through 2025-2026. |
| Ongoing cost | Reported ≈US$45,000/yr service & support package per unit (trade-press figure); consumable weeding-blade wear parts; software/AI model updates delivered via the onboard edge-learning system | Herbicide/bio-herbicide refills (any crop-registered agrochemical usable in a boom sprayer, e.g. pelargonic acid); Single-Drop nozzle module (SDT-N2) wear parts. Specific service cost figures not disclosed. |
| Key outcome | ||
| Best verified result | Weeding cost, large multi-region vegetable operation ≈US$550,000 reduction in weeding costs in a single season (customer-reported figure, cited by trade press at the time Taylor Farms was a FarmWise customer, before its 2025 acquisition of the company) · vendor | Spray drift vs. a conventional reference sprayer More than 99% spray-drift reduction — qualifies for DRT99, the highest class in the Dutch drift-reduction classification system · independent |
| EU context | ||
| CE marking | Not confirmed — no CE-marking evidence found; all documented deployments and dealer/service coverage are US-only (Southwest US) | No explicit CE-marking statement found on Kilter's public materials; the AX-1 is sold and in active commercial/pilot use in EU member states (Sweden, Germany, Netherlands) and passed independent Dutch DRT99 spray-drift certification (WUR/TCT) |
| Machinery Regulation | Not applicable found — no EU placement on the market; would fall under Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 autonomous-machine provisions if the Vulcan were ever sold into the EU | Not explicitly addressed by the manufacturer; as an autonomous field-spraying machine placed on EU markets, would fall under the autonomous-machine provisions of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 if formally assessed |
| CAP subsidy | Not applicable — US-based product with no EU sales presence, outside EU CAP eco-schemes | Precision spot-application (manufacturer-claimed ~95-96.6% herbicide reduction) supports CAP eco-scheme and integrated-pest-management / pesticide-reduction objectives |
"—" means the manufacturer has not disclosed the figure; we never estimate silently. Model either machine's payback with your own numbers on its ROI calculator page.